Аннотация: The success of the Chinese Mars program and Russia's space prospects. The essay.
The success of the Chinese Mars program and Russia's space prospects. The essay.
"MOSCOW, May 15 [2021]. / TASS /. (...) On Saturday [May 15, 2021], the China National Space Administration announced that the lander of the Chinese automatic interplanetary station Tianwen-1 has successfully landed on the surface of Mars . " (https://tass.ru/kosmos/11380371?utm_source=yxnews&utm_medium=desktop) [unofficial translation]
"Tianwen-1" is a Chinese automatic interplanetary station, consisting of an orbiter (satellite of Mars) and a descent vehicle, the payload of which is the six-wheeled Mars rover. The Tianwen-1 was launched on 23 July 2020 using the a Long March 5 heavy-lift launch vehicle. The Tianwen 1 spacecraft reached Mars on February 10, 2021.
The platform with the rover separated from the orbital module on May 14 at about 23:00 Moscow time. The rover successfully landed on Mars on May 15, 2021 at 2 am Moscow time.
China's Mars exploration program started in 2009 in cooperation with Russia. However, after the unsuccessful launch in 2012 of the Phobos-Grunt apparatus, which ought, as was supposed, to simultaneously deliver of the Chinese Yinghuo-1 orbiter up to Mars, China revised its Martian program. (Wikipedia).
Thus, China is successfully implementing the Martian program, the lunar program (the Chinese lunar rover is recognized as the currently operating), and the program for the construction of a space station in near-earth orbit.
The United States has an active spacecrafts for flights with a crew to the ISS and are energetically creating a spacecraft for deep space (for manned flights to the Moon and Mars).
The modern US Mars mission is widely known for testing the world's first Martian helicopter.
Russia does not currently have an operating rover or lunar rover. The withdrawal of Russia from the ISS program due to the exhaustion of the resource of the Russian segment is being discussed. There is no significant, encouraging news about the creation of a rocket for deep space by Russia.
Russia for the period from about 2000 to 2021 moved from first to third place in the list of great space powers. She has every chance of moving from the list of great space powers into a group of countries (several dozen) that did not have great space achievements, but, due to the wide development of the space industry, now are fulfilling the space launches (scientific research unmanned ones) and practically are using artificial earth satellites and interconnected satellite technologies.
As for the distribution of 1st and 2nd places between the United States and China, in this matter, much depends on the success of the United States in creating a rocket for deep space (that is, for flights with a crew to the Moon and Mars).
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May 15, 2021 14:11
Translation from Russian into English: May 15, 2021 15:08.
Владимир Владимирович Залесский 'Успех китайской марсианской программы и космические перспективы России. Очерк'.